12993158Edited by HilaryA.100021661layer_information_pageund1633531515163353899800163353899858<p>River temperature is an important control on the health of fish populations. Under climate change it is expected that river temperature will rise with negative consequences for fish populations. Management of riparian woodland is proven to protect cold water habitats. However&nbsp;the creation of new riparian woodland can be costly and logistically challenging. It is therefore important that woodland creation is prioritised to areas where rivers are (1) hottest and&nbsp;(2) most sensitive to climate change, and (3)&nbsp;where riparian woodland can be most effective in reducing maximum summer river temperatures. Modelling&nbsp;tools to predict these river temperature values can be used to prioritise riparian tree planting in Scotland to protect freshwater fish and fisheries from the effects of climate change.</p> <p>The outputs of the work to&nbsp;identify where riparian woodland can be most effective&nbsp;are illustrated as three layers on Marine Scotland Maps NMPi:</p> <ol> <li>Prioritisation where both banks can be planted</li> <li>Prioritisation where only north banks can be planted</li> <li>Prioritisation where only south banks can be planted</li> </ol> <p>The rankings and colour scales run from 0- 10, with 0 being low priority (no temperature reduction) and 10 high priority (large temperature reduction).</p> <p>Details of the modelling work that produced these layers can be found in two associated peer-reviewed publications (see links under 'Additional Information' Tab). Model outputs are presented on river line features derived from a Digital Rivers Network licensed from the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH).</p> filtered_html<p>River temperature is an important control on the health of fish populations. Under climate change it is expected that river temperature will rise with negative consequences for fish populations. Management of riparian woodland is proven to protect cold water habitats. However the creation of new riparian woodland can be costly and logistically challenging. It is therefore important that woodland creation is prioritised to areas where rivers are (1) hottest and (2) most sensitive to climate change, and (3) where riparian woodland can be most effective in reducing maximum summer river temperatures. Modelling tools to predict these river temperature values can be used to prioritise riparian tree planting in Scotland to protect freshwater fish and fisheries from the effects of climate change.</p> <p>The outputs of the work to identify where riparian woodland can be most effective are illustrated as three layers on Marine Scotland Maps NMPi:</p> <ol> <li>Prioritisation where both banks can be planted</li> <li>Prioritisation where only north banks can be planted</li> <li>Prioritisation where only south banks can be planted</li> </ol> <p>The rankings and colour scales run from 0- 10, with 0 being low priority (no temperature reduction) and 10 high priority (large temperature reduction).</p> <p>Details of the modelling work that produced these layers can be found in two associated peer-reviewed publications (see links under 'Additional Information' Tab). Model outputs are presented on river line features derived from a Digital Rivers Network licensed from the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH).</p> 719003758planting_prioritisation_national_both_banks.pngpublic://planting_prioritisation_national_both_banks.pngimage/png56653011633529873image209620972098National shading prioritisation where both banks can be plantedNational shading prioritisation where both banks can be plantedNational shading prioritisation where both banks can be plantedNational shading prioritisation where both banks can be planted<_drafty_revision_requested>FIELD_LOAD_CURRENTNational shading prioritisation where both banks can be planted800639800639<p>National shading prioritisation where both banks can be planted</p> filtered_html842<p>The effects of riparian woodland on the receipt of solar radiation depends on complex interactions between channel width, orientation, aspect, gradient, tree height and solar geometry.&nbsp; Subsequent effects on river temperature are strongly influenced by water volume and residence time which can be broadly characterised by river order.</p> <p>This study developed a simplified river temperature model, driven by energy gains from solar radiation, modified by coarse scale characterisation of hydrological and hydraulic conditions. The resulting output is a planting prioritisation metric that can be mapped at large spatial scales using information obtained from a digital river network to facilitate management decisions. The results indicate that hydrology (water volume) and hydraulics (residence time), as represented by river order, are a dominant control on the effectiveness of riparian woodland in reducing river temperature. Ignoring these controls can result in a sub-optimal prioritisation process and inappropriate allocation of resources. Within river order, the effectiveness of riparian shading depends on complex interactions between channel and landscape characteristics.</p> <p>To create the prioritisation layer, temperature differences (between no trees and tree scenarios) were log transformed, given the skewed nature of the data, and re-scaled between zero (low priority) and ten (high priority).</p> <p>Details of the modelling work that produced these layers can be found in: Jackson, F.L., Hannah, D.M., Ouellet, V. and Malcolm, I.A. (2021) <em>A deterministic river temperature model to prioritise management of riparian woodlands to reduce summer maximum river temperatures </em>(see link under ‘Additional Information’ Tab).</p> <p>Very small rivers (Strahler first order rivers on the CEH digital river network) were&nbsp;removed from this dataset. NAs exist&nbsp;where we are&nbsp;unable to make predictions of planting potential e.g. locations in lochs&nbsp;or in circumstances where we cannot generate the required prediction variables.</p> filtered_html<p>The effects of riparian woodland on the receipt of solar radiation depends on complex interactions between channel width, orientation, aspect, gradient, tree height and solar geometry.  Subsequent effects on river temperature are strongly influenced by water volume and residence time which can be broadly characterised by river order.</p> <p>This study developed a simplified river temperature model, driven by energy gains from solar radiation, modified by coarse scale characterisation of hydrological and hydraulic conditions. The resulting output is a planting prioritisation metric that can be mapped at large spatial scales using information obtained from a digital river network to facilitate management decisions. The results indicate that hydrology (water volume) and hydraulics (residence time), as represented by river order, are a dominant control on the effectiveness of riparian woodland in reducing river temperature. Ignoring these controls can result in a sub-optimal prioritisation process and inappropriate allocation of resources. Within river order, the effectiveness of riparian shading depends on complex interactions between channel and landscape characteristics.</p> <p>To create the prioritisation layer, temperature differences (between no trees and tree scenarios) were log transformed, given the skewed nature of the data, and re-scaled between zero (low priority) and ten (high priority).</p> <p>Details of the modelling work that produced these layers can be found in: Jackson, F.L., Hannah, D.M., Ouellet, V. and Malcolm, I.A. (2021) <em>A deterministic river temperature model to prioritise management of riparian woodlands to reduce summer maximum river temperatures </em>(see link under ‘Additional Information’ Tab).</p> <p>Very small rivers (Strahler first order rivers on the CEH digital river network) were removed from this dataset. NAs exist where we are unable to make predictions of planting potential e.g. locations in lochs or in circumstances where we cannot generate the required prediction variables.</p> 21516215172151815080150811508521530758854sioc:Itemfoaf:Documentdc:datedc:createdxsd:dateTimedate_iso8601dc:modifiedxsd:dateTimedate_iso8601content:encodedsioc:has_creatorrelfoaf:namesioc:num_repliesxsd:integersioc:last_activity_datexsd:dateTimedate_iso8601https://marine.gov.scot/?q=information/scotland-river-temperature-monitoring-network-srtmn-tree-planting-prioritisation-shadingHilaryA0a:6:{s:7:"overlay";i:1;s:16:"ckeditor_default";s:1:"t";s:20:"ckeditor_show_toggle";s:1:"t";s:14:"ckeditor_width";s:4:"100%";s:13:"ckeditor_lang";s:2:"en";s:18:"ckeditor_auto_lang";s:1:"t";}12502412993121661draftpublished58163353899811163353899812502412993121661draftpublished58163353899811163353899812502412993121661draftpublished581633538998111633538998