Literature

Dunton, K.H., 2001. δ15N and δ13C Measurements of Antarctic Peninsula Fauna: Trophic Relationships and Assimilation of Benthic Seaweeds. American Zoologist, 41(1), pp.99 - 112. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/41.1.99.

D.M., D. & Hughes, D.J., 1998. Zostera Biotopes (volume I). An overview of dynamics and sensitivity characteristics for conservation management of marine SACs., Scottish Association for Marine Science (UK Marine SACs Project). Available at: http://ukmpa.marinebiodiversity.org/pdf/Detailed_Marine_Communities_Reports/zostera.pdf.

M., D.D. & Hughes, D.J., 1998. Zostera Biotopes (volume I). An overview of dynamics and sensitivity characteristics for conservation management of marine SACs., Scottish Association for Marine Science (UK Marine SACs Project). Available at: http://ukmpa.marinebiodiversity.org/pdf/Detailed_Marine_Communities_Reports/zostera.pdf.

Davison, D.M. & Hughes, D.J., 1998. Zostera Biotopes (volume I), Scottish Association for Marine Science (UK Marine SACs Project). Available at: http://ukmpa.marinebiodiversity.org/pdf/Detailed_Marine_Communities_Reports/zostera.pdf.

Zero Waste Scotland, 2019. Zero Waste Scotland. Available at: https://www.zerowastescotland.org.uk/content/integrated-multi-trophic-aquaculture.

Boyer, T.P. et al., 2018. The World Ocean Database 2018 A. V. Mishonov, ed.

Burden, M. et al., 2017. Workshop report: Climate-related impacts on fisheries management and governance in the North East Atlantic, Environmental Defense Fund. Available at: https://www.edf.org/sites/default/files/documents/climate-impacts-fisheries-NE-Atlantic_0.pdf.

STECF/SGMOS, 2007. Working Group Report on Evaluation of Closed Area Schemes (SGMOS-07-03), Ispra, 15-19 October 2007, Ispra: European Commission. Available at: https://stecf.jrc.ec.europa.eu/documents/43805/44876/07-09_SG-MOS+07-03+-+Evaluation+of+closed+areas+II.pdf.

ICES, 2019. Working Group on North Atlantic Salmon (WGNAS), Copenhagen, Denmark: International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES).

Oil & Gas UK, 2018. Workforce Report, 2018, Oil & Gas UK. Available at: https://oilandgasuk.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Workforce-Report-2019.pdf.

SNH, 2018. Wintering Waterbirds Index, Scottish Natural Heritage. Available at: https://www.nature.scot/sites/default/files/2018-09/Scottish%20Biodiversity%20Indicator%20-%20S004%20-%20Abundance%20of%20Wintering%20Waterbirds.pdf.

Magnusdóttir, E. et al., 2012. Wintering areas of Great Skuas Stercorarius skua breeding in Scotland, Iceland and Norway. , 59, pp.1 - 9. Available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00063657.2011.636798.

Scottish Government, 2016. Wild seaweed harvesting: strategic environmental assessment. Available at: www.gov.scot/publications/wild-seaweed-harvesting-strategic-environmental-assessment-environmental-report/ .

Burrows, M.T. et al., 2018. Wild Seaweed Harvesting as a Diversification Opportunity for Fishermen, Highlands and Islands Enterprise. Available at: https://pureadmin.uhi.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/3263673/Burrows2018_1.pdf .

Bockelmann, A.C., Beining, K. & Reusch, T.B.H., 2012. Widespread occurrence of endophytic Labyrinthula spp. in northern European eelgrass Zostera marina beds. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 445, pp.109 - 116. Available at: http://www.int-res.com/abstracts/meps/v445/p109-116/.

von Biela, V.R. et al., 2016. Widespread kelp-derived carbon in pelagic and benthic nearshore fishes suggested by stable isotope analysis. . Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. , 181.

Smeaton, C. & Austin, W.E.N., 2019. Where’s the carbon: exploring the spatial heterogeneity of sedimentary carbon in mid-latitude fjords. Frontiers in Earth Science. Available at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2019.00269/full.

Grégoire, M. et al., 2019. What is ocean deoxygenation?. In D. Laffoley & Baxter, J. M., eds. Ocean deoxygenation: everyone’s problem. Ocean deoxygenation: everyone’s problem. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN, pp. 1 - 21. Available at: https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/01%20DEOX.pdf.

Hedges, J.I., Keil, R.G. & Benner, R., 1997. What happens to terrestrial organic matter in the ocean?. Organic Geochemistry, 27(5), pp.195-212. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0146638097000661.

BTO, 2017. Wetland Bird Survey: Survey Methods, Analysis & Interpretation, British Trust for Ornithology. Available at: https://www.bto.org/sites/default/files/webs_methods.pdf.

Burrows, M.T., Harvey, R. & Robb, L., 2008. Wave exposure indices from digital coastlines and the prediction of rocky shore community structure. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 353, pp.1 - 12. Available at: https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/meps/v353/p1-12/.

Neill, S.P. et al., 2017. The wave and tidal resource of Scotland. Renewable Energy, 114, pp.3 - 17. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148117302082.

Frost, T.M. et al., 2020. Waterbirds in the UK 2018/19: The Wetland Bird Survey, BTO/RSPB/JNCC. Available at: https://app.bto.org/webs-reporting/numbers.jsp.

G.C., B., Galbraith, C.A. & Stroud, D.A., 2004. Waterbirds around the world. Waterbirds around the World Conference, p.940. Available at: https://hub.jncc.gov.uk/assets/08cfb4da-4c5a-4bef-b45d-8f2f87dc8070.

Devlin, M. et al., 2014. Water Framework Directive: The development and status of phytoplankton tools for ecological assessment of coastal and transitional waters. United Kingdom., Water Framework Directive – United Kingdom Technical Advisory Group (WFD-UKTAG). Available at: https://www.wfduk.org/sites/default/files/Media/Characterisation%20of%20the%20water%20environment/Biological%20Method%20Statements/Phytoplankton%20Technical%20Report_0.pdf.

SEPA, 2020. Water Classification Hub. Available at: https://www.sepa.org.uk/data-visualisation/water-classification-hub/.

Rasmussen, E., 1977. The wasting disease of eelgrass (Zostera marina) and its effects on environmental factors and fauna. In C. P. McRoy & Helfferich, C., eds. Seagrass ecosystems: a scientific perspective. Seagrass ecosystems: a scientific perspective. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., p. 314 pp.

Giesen, W., 1990. Wasting disease and present eelgrass condition, Nijmegen, The Netherlands: Catholic University of Nijmegen. Available at: https://www.deltaexpertise.nl/images/2/29/Wasting-disease-and-present-eelgrass-condition.pdf.

den Hartog, C., 1987. “Wasting disease” and other dynamic phenomena in Zostera beds. Environmental Impacts On Seagrasses, 27(1), pp.3 - 14. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0304377087900829.

Marine Scotland, 2019. Waste Disposal (Dredge Spoil) (2013-2018). Available at: https://marine.gov.scot/data/waste-disposal-dredge-spoil-2013-2018.

de Steur, L. et al., 2007. The warm-water “Halo” around Maud Rise: Properties, dynamics and Impact. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 54(6), pp.871 - 896. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967063707000738.

Baudron, A.R. et al., 2014. Warming temperatures and smaller body sizes: synchronous changes in growth of North Sea fishes. Global Change Biology, 20(4), pp.1023 - 1031. Available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/gcb.12514.

Wright, P.J., Orpwood, J.E. & Boulcott, P., 2017. Warming delays ovarian development in a capital breeder. , 164(4), p.80. Available at: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00227-017-3116-y.

Ekstrom, J.A. et al., 2015. Vulnerability and adaptation of US shellfisheries to ocean acidification. Nature Climate Change, 5(3), pp.207 - 214. Available at: https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2508.

Neat, F.C. et al., 2019. Visual evidence of reduced seafloor conditions and indications of a cold-seep ecosystem from the Hatton–Rockall basin (NE Atlantic). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 99(2), pp.271-277. Available at: https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/visual-evidence-of-reduced-seafloor-conditions-and-indications-of-a-coldseep-ecosystem-from-the-hattonrockall-basin-ne-atlantic/4C1F83D388F0F87CA9C2A489C9A7FB04.

Transport Scotland, 2018. Vessel Replacement and Deployment Plan. Annual Report 2016, The Scottish Government. Available at: https://www.transport.gov.scot/media/41509/vrdp-annual-report-2016-30-january-2018.pdf.

Greenstreet, S.P.R. et al., 2006. Variation in the abundance of sandeels Ammodytes marinus off southeast Scotland: an evaluation of area-closure fisheries management and stock abundance assessment methods. ICES J Mar Sci, 63(8), pp.1530 - 1550. Available at: https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article/63/8/1530/714676.

Boulcott, P. & Wright, P., 2011. Variation in fecundity in the lesser sandeel: Implications for regional management. Available at: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-the-marine-biological-association-of-the-united-kingdom/article/abs/variation-in-fecundity-in-the-lesser-sandeel-implications-for-regional-management/24D8E849B6DABE9F874EAF283F369848.

Turner, A.D. et al., 2014. Variability of paralytic shellfish toxin occurrence and profiles in bivalve molluscs from Great Britain from official control monitoring as determined by pre-column oxidation liquid chromatography and implications for applying immunochemical tests. Harmful Algae, 31, pp.87 - 99. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568988313001558.

Rowland-Pilgrim, S. et al., 2019. Variability of Amnesic Shellfish Toxin and Pseudo-nitzschia occurrence in bivalve molluscs and water samples–Analysis of ten years of the official control monitoring programme. Harmful Algae, 87, p.101623. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568988319300903.

Dhanji-Rapkova, M. et al., 2019. Variability and profiles of lipophilic toxins in bivalves from Great Britain during five and a half years of monitoring: azaspiracids and yessotoxins. Harmful Algae, 87, p.101629. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568988319300964.

Dhanji-Rapkova, M. et al., 2018. Variability and profiles of lipophilic toxins in bivalves from Great Britain during five and a half years of monitoring: Okadaic acid, dinophysis toxins and pectenotoxins. Harmful Algae, 77, pp.66 - 80. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568988318300830.

Kakkonen, J. et al., 2019. The value of regular monitoring and diverse sampling techniques to assess aquatic non-native species: a case study from Orkney. Management of Biological Invasions, 10(1), pp.46-79. Available at: https://www.reabic.net/journals/mbi/2019/1/MBI_2019_Kakkonen_etal.pdf.

Leocádio, A., Weetman, A. & Wieland, K., 2018. Using UWTV surveys to assess and advise on Nephrops stocks., Copenhagen: International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Available at: https://www.ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/Cooperative%20Research%20Report%20(CRR)/CRR340.pdf.

Leocádio, A., Weetman, A. & Wieland, K., 2018. Using UWTS to assess and advise on Nephrops stocks, Copenhagen, Denmark: International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES). Available at: https://www.ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/Cooperative%20Research%20Report%20(CRR)/CRR340.pdf.

Fryer, R.J. & Nicholson, M.D., 1999. Using smoothers for comprehensive assessments of contaminant time series in marine biota. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 56(5), pp.779 - 790. Available at: https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article/56/5/779/691346.

Thompson, D.R., Stewart, F.M. & Furness, R.W., 1990. Using seabirds to monitor mercury in marine environments: The validity of conversion ratios for tissue comparisons. , 21(7), pp.339 - 342. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0025326X9090795A.

Muxika, I., Borja, A. & Bald, J., 2007. Using historical data, expert judgement and multivariate analysis in assessing reference conditions and benthic ecological status, according to the European Water Framework Directive. , 55, pp.16 - 29.

Bennett, K.A. et al., 2017. Using blubber explants to investigate adipose function in grey seals: glycolytic, lipolytic and gene expression responses to glucose and hydrocortisone. Scientific Reports, 7(1), p.7731. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06037-x.

Hiby, L. & Lovell, P., 1998. Using aircraft in tandem formation to estimate abundance of harbour porpoise. Biometrics , 54(4), pp.1280-1289. Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2533658?seq=1.