Literature

Waggitt, J. et al., 2019. Distribution maps of cetacean and seabird populations in the North‐East Atlantic. Journal of Applied Ecology, 57, pp.253 - 269.

Wakefield, E. et al., 2017. Breeding density, fine-scale tracking and large-scale modeling reveal the regional distribution of four seabird species. , 27. Available at: https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/eap.1591.

Waldman, S. et al., 2019. Future policy implications of tidal energy array interactions. Marine Policy, 108. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X19302994?via%3Dihub.

Walker, F.T., 1947. A Seaweed Survey of Scotland – Fucaceae. , 159(2), pp.90 - 99. Available at: https://academic.oup.com/proceedingslinnean/article-abstract/159/2/90/2254017?redirectedFrom=fulltext.

Walsh, P.M. et al., 1995. Seabird monitoring handbook for Britain and Ireland: a compilation of methods for survey and monitoring of breeding seabirds, JNCC, RSPB, ITE and Seabird Group. Available at: https://hub.jncc.gov.uk/assets/bf4516ad-ecde-4831-a2cb-d10d89128497.

Walsham, P. et al., 2014. UK Ocean Acidification Coastal Monitoring Network - Expanding the UK Network. Scottish Marine and Freshwater Science, 5(1). Available at: http://www.gov.scot/Resource/0044/00442616.pdf.

Wanless, S. et al., 2007. Black-legged kittiwakes as indicators of environmental change in the North Sea. Evidence from long-term studiesProgress in Oceanography, 72(1), pp.30 - 38. Available at: https://abdn.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/black-legged-kittiwakes-as-indicators-of-environmental-change-in-.

Wanless, S. et al., 2018. Community-wide decline in the occurrence of lesser sandeels Ammodytes marinus in seabird chick diets at a North Sea colony. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 600, pp.193–206. Available at: http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/520665/.

Wanless, S. et al., 2008. The impact of the sandeel fishery closure on seabird food consumption, distribution, and productivity in the northwestern North Sea. , 65, pp.362 - 381. Available at: https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/10.1139/f07-164.

Weaver, R. et al., 2020. Supporting the economic, social and environmental sustainability of the UK's marine sectors, Available at: https://www.gov.scot/publications/supporting-economic-social-environmental-sustainability-uks-marine-sectors/pages/2/.

Webster, L. et al., 2016. Taint, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAHs) and N-Alkane Analysis of Farmed Mussels and Salmon Samples Following the Transocean Winner Rig Incident. Scottish Marine and Freshwater Science, 7(22). Available at: https://data.marine.gov.scot/dataset/taint-polycyclic-aromatic-hydrocarbon-pahs-and-n-alkane-analysis-farmed-mussels-and-salmon.

Weegman, M.D. et al., 2016. Integrated population modelling reveals a perceived source to be a cryptic sink. Journal of Animal Ecology, 85(2), pp.467 - 475. Available at: https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1365-2656.12481.

Weijer, W. et al., 2020. CMIP6 models predict significant 21st century decline of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. Geophysical Research LettersGeophysical Research LettersGeophys. Res. Lett., 47(12), p.e2019GL086075. Available at: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2019GL086075.

Weijs, L. et al., 2009. Concentrations of chlorinated and brominated contaminants and their metabolites in serum of harbour seals and harbour porpoises. Environment International, 35(6), pp.842 - 850. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412009000531.

Weijs, L. et al., 2009. Inter-species differences for polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in marine top predators from the Southern North Sea: Part 1. Accumulation patterns in harbour seals and harbour porpoises. Environmental Pollution, 157, pp.437 - 444. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749108004764.

Weir, C.R. et al., 2001. Cetaceans of the Atlantic Frontier, north and west of Scotland. The Marine Environment of the North East Atlantic Margin, 21(8), pp.1047 - 1071. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278434300001242.

Welsh Government, 2016. Development of a coastal community typology- An overview of coastal communities and how marine activities can support their development. Available at: https://gov.wales/development-coastal-community-typology .

Welsh Government, 2016. Development of a coastal community typology, Welsh Government. Available at: https://gov.wales/development-coastal-community-typology.

WFD, 2003. Transitional and coastal waters - typology, reference conditions and classification systems. . Available at: https://tinyurl.com/y9owg5xa.

WFD-UKTAG, 2014. UKTAG Transitional & Coastal Water Assessment Method: Angiosperm, Intertidal Seagrass Tool, Stirling: UKTAG c/o SEPA. Available at: https://www.wfduk.org/sites/default/files/Media/Characterisation of the water environment/Biological Method Statements/TraC Intertidal Seagrass Tool UKTAG Method Statement.PDF.

WFD-UKTAG, 2014. UKTAG Transitional and Coastal Water Assessment Method: Macroalgae, Opportunistic Macroalgal Blooming Tool, Stirling, Scotland: Water Framework Directive - United Kingdom Advisory Group (WFD-UKTAG). Available at: http://www.wfduk.org/sites/default/files/Media/Characterisation%20of%20the%20water%20environment/Biological%20Method%20Statements/TraC%20Macroalgae%20OMBT%20UKTAG%20Method%20Statement.pdf.

WGMME, 2016. Report of the Working Group on Marine Mammal Ecology (WGMME)., Massachusetts: ICES, Woods Hole. Available at: http://www.ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/Expert%20Group%20Report/acom/2016/WGMME/wgmme_2016.pdf.

Whittingham, M.J. et al., 2019. Offshore refuges support higher densities and show slower population declines of wintering Ruddy Turnstones Arenaria interpres. Bird Study, 66(4), pp.431 - 440. Available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00063657.2020.1713725.

WHO, 2003. Guidelines for safe recreational water environments. Volume 1: coastal and fresh waters, Geneva: WHO. Available at: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2003/9241545801.pdf?ua=1.

Whyte, C., Swan, S. & Davidson, K., 2014. Changing wind patterns linked to unusually high Dinophysis blooms around the Shetland Islands, Scotland. Harmful Algae, 39, pp.365 - 373. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568988314001681.

Whyte, J.J. et al., 2000. Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) Activity in Fish as a Biomarker of Chemical Exposure. Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 30(4), pp.347 - 570. Available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10408440091159239.

Wijsman, J.W.M. et al., 2019. Global production of marine bivalves. Trends and challenges. In A. C. Smaal et al., eds. Goods and Services of Marine Bivalves. Goods and Services of Marine Bivalves. Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 7 - 26. Available at: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-96776-9_2.

Wilcox, C., Van Sebille, E. & Hardesty, B.Denise, 2015. Threat of plastic pollution to seabirds is global, pervasive, and increasing. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112, pp.11899–11904. Available at: https://www.pnas.org/content/112/38/11899.

Wilding, C. et al., 2016. Descriptions of Scottish Priority Marine Features (PMFs) H. Tyler-Walters, James, B., & Carruthers, M., eds., Inverness: Scottish Natural Heritage. Available at: https://www.nature.scot/sites/default/files/Publication%202016%20-%20SNH%20Commissioned%20Report%20406%20-%20Descriptions%20of%20Scottish%20Priority%20Marine%20Features%20%28PMFs%29.pdf.

Wileman, D.A. et al., 1999. Roundfish and Nephrops survival after escape from commercial fishing gear. Final report to the European Commission,

Wilhelm, T.'Aulani et al., 2014. Large marine protected areas – advantages and challenges of going big. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 24(S2), pp.24 - 30. Available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/aqc.2499.

Williamson, P. et al., 2013. Impacts of ocean acidification, Marine Climate Change Impacts Partnership. Available at: http://www.mccip.org.uk/impacts-report-cards/full-report-cards/2013/climate-of-the-marine-environment/ocean-acidification/.

Wilson, B., Thompson, P.M. & Hammond, P.S., 2007. Habitat use by bottlenose dolphins: seasonal distribution and stratified movement patterns in the Moray Firth, Scotland. Journal of Applied Ecology, 34 (6), pp.1365-1374. Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2405254?seq=1.

Wilson, L. & Hammond, P., 2019. The diet of harbour and grey seals around Britain: Examining the role of prey as a potential cause of harbour seal declines. , 29, pp.71 - 85. Available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/aqc.3131.

Wilson, R.J., Speirs, D.C. & Heath, M.R., 2015. On the surprising lack of differences between two congeneric calanoid copepod species, Calanus finmarchicus and C. helgolandicus. , 134, pp.413 - 431. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079661114002183.

Wilson, B. et al., 2004. Considering the temporal when managing the spatial: a population range expansion impacts protected areas based management from bottlenose dolphins. Animal Conservation, 7(4), pp.331-338. Available at: https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1017/S1367943004001581.

Windholz, M. et al., 1983. The Merck index. An encyclopedia of chemicals, drugs, and biologicals. 10th Editionth ed., Rahway, New Jersey: Merck & Co., Inc.

Winzer, K. et al., 2001. Sex-related responses to oxidative stress in primary cultured hepatocytes of European flounder (Platichthys flesus L.). Aquatic Toxicology, 52(2), pp.143 - 155. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166445X00001375.

Witt, M. et al., 2012. Basking sharks in the northeast Atlantic: Spatio-temporal trends from sightings in UK waters. , 459, pp.121 - 134. Available at: http://www.int-res.com/abstracts/meps/v459/p121-134/.

Wolf, J., Woolf, D. & Bricheno, L., 2020. Impacts of climate change on storms and waves relevant to the coastal and marine environment around the UK. MCCIP Science Review 2020, pp.132–157. Available at: http://www.mccip.org.uk/media/2010/07_storms_waves_2020.pdf.

Wood, S.N., 2017. Generalized additive models: an introduction with R 2nd ed., Boca Raton: CRC Press / Taylor & Francis Group.

Wood, C. et al., 2014. Seasearch – a national SCUBA diving project providing evidence for marine conservation and training in marine species identification and survey skills. Practice. Bulletin of the Chartered Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management, 83, pp.13-18. Available at: https://cieem.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/InPractice83_Mar2014.pdf.

Wood, S.N., Bravington, M.V. & Hedley, S.L., 2008. Soap Film Smoothing. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B (Statistical Methodology), 70(5), pp.931-955. Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/20203864?seq=1.

J. Wootton, T., Pfister, C.A. & Forester, J.D., 2008. Dynamic patterns and ecological impacts of declining ocean pH in a high-resolution multi-year dataset. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105, pp.18848–18853. Available at: https://www.pnas.org/content/105/48/18848.

Wright, P., Jensen, H. & Tuck, I., 2000. The influence of sediment type on the distribution of the lesser sandeel, Ammodytes marinus. , 44, pp.243 - 256. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1385110100000502?via%3Dihub.

Wright, P., Pinnegar, J.K. & Fox, C., 2020. Impacts of climate change on fish, relevant to the coastal and marine environment around the UK. 2020th ed., MCCIP. Available at: http://www.mccip.org.uk/impacts-report-cards/full-report-cards/2020.

Wright, P. & Bailey, M.C., 1996. Time of hatching in Ammodytes marinus from Shetland waters and its significance to early growth and survivorship. , 126, pp.143 - 152. Available at: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00571386.

Wright, P.J., Orpwood, J.E. & Boulcott, P., 2017. Warming delays ovarian development in a capital breeder. , 164(4), p.80. Available at: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00227-017-3116-y.

Wright, P. et al., 2017. Identifying stock structuring in the sandeel, Ammodytes marinus, from otolith microchemistry. , 199. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165783617303235?via%3Dihub.

Wright, P.J. et al., 2018. Assessing the role of ontogenetic movement in maintaining population structure in fish using otolith microchemistry. Ecology and EvolutionEcology and EvolutionEcol Evol, 8(16), pp.7907 - 7920. Available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ece3.4186.