Hydrocarbon & PAH contamination. (Includes those priority substances listed in Annex II of Directive 2008/105/EC).

These standards provide good levels of protection for all living organisms where standards are adhered to. See separate pressures where exceeding EQS may occur and the potential ecological consequences include lethal and non-lethal effects, physiological changes.

These are naturally occurring compounds, complex mixtures of two basic molecular structures: straight chained aliphatic hydrocarbons (relatively low toxicity and susceptible to degradation) and multiple ringed aromatic hydrocarbons (higher toxicity and more resistant to degradation). Ecological consequences include tainting, some are acutely toxic, carcinomas, growth defects.

Benchmark: 
Compliance with all average annual Environmental Quality Standards, or conformance with Probable Effect levels,Environment Assessment Criteria, Effects Range -Low.
Examples: 
These compounds originate from 3 sources (includes both aliphatics and polyaromatic hydrocarbons): 1. petroleum hydrocarbons (from natural seeps, oil spills and surface water run-off) 2. pyrogenic hydrocarbons (from combustion of coal, woods and petroleum) and 3. biogenic hydrocarbons (from plants & animals). Produced water from oil and gas extraction and waste diposal and discharge may contain these compounds.
Notes: 
1. See separate pressures for hydrocarbon and PAH contamination within mixing zones (acceptable area of impact) where there may be some level of risk to some features. 2. See separate pressures for hydrocarbon and PAH contamination - significant pollution incidents/accidental spills and or bioaccumulation. 3. OSPAR combine all of these pressures in a single one.

Long Forties

The tables in this section reflect the output of the workshop (October 2019) when the pressures from human activities were assessed for the period 2014 to 2018 for the region. The summary text below the tables elaborates on some of the points that were made at the workshop.
This pressure assessment uses the FeAST classification which includes two abrasion pressures: surface abrasion & sub-surface abrasion. Some expert groups combined these as a single pressure "surface & sub-surface abrasion" whilst others focussed on using surface abrasion alone, hence there is a slight difference in handling for some regions.
The ranking of the pressures in terms of impact is a relative exercise within each region, and is not a statement of their absolute impact. Detailed comparison between regions on the basis of these relative pressure assessments is therefore not advisable.

Main pressures identified

Priority [1] Pressure (FeAST classification) [2] Main healthy and biologically diverse components affected [3] Main contributing FeAST activity /activities to pressure [4] Associated productive assessments [5]
5 Hydrocarbon & PAH contamination. (Includes those priority substances listed in Annex II of Directive 2008/105/EC).
  • Aquaculture - Finfish
  • Sewage disposal
  • Shipping
  • Waste disposal - Dredging (capital, maintenance) & quarrying (geological material)

Footnotes:
• This pressure assessment uses the FeAST classification which includes two abrasion pressures: surface abrasion and sub-surface abrasion. Some expert groups combined these as a single pressure - Surface & sub-surface abrasion - whilst others focussed on using surface abrasion alone, hence there is a slight difference in handling for some regions.
• The ordering of entries in columns 3, 4 and 5 is not in any particular priority. There isn’t a 1:1 relationship between the entries in columns 3 and 4.
• Where aquaculture is identified as a source of noise pressure, this is due to the potential presence of Acoustic Deterrent Devices (ADDs) in this retrospective (2014-2018) pressure assessment.
• Column 4, FAO gear type added for clarity to fishing types. The gear type annotated next to the FeAST Activity is the International Standard Statistical Classification of Fishing Gear (ISSCFG). This was originally adopted during the 10th Session of the Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics (CWP) (July 1980).
• Note the possibility of terrestrial influence for litter.

Long Forties

Fladen and Moray Firth Offshore

The tables in this section reflect the output of the workshop (October 2019) when the pressures from human activities were assessed for the period 2014 to 2018 for the region. The summary text below the tables elaborates on some of the points that were made at the workshop.
This pressure assessment uses the FeAST classification which includes two abrasion pressures: surface abrasion & sub-surface abrasion. Some expert groups combined these as a single pressure "surface & sub-surface abrasion" whilst others focussed on using surface abrasion alone, hence there is a slight difference in handling for some regions.
The ranking of the pressures in terms of impact is a relative exercise within each region, and is not a statement of their absolute impact. Detailed comparison between regions on the basis of these relative pressure assessments is therefore not advisable.

Main pressures identified

Priority [1] Pressure (FeAST classification) [2] Main healthy and biologically diverse components affected [3] Main contributing FeAST activity /activities to pressure [4] Associated productive assessments [5]
5 Hydrocarbon & PAH contamination. (Includes those priority substances listed in Annex II of Directive 2008/105/EC).
  • Aquaculture - Finfish
  • Sewage disposal
  • Shipping
  • Waste disposal - Dredging (capital, maintenance) & quarrying (geological material)

Footnotes:
• This pressure assessment uses the FeAST classification which includes two abrasion pressures: surface abrasion and sub-surface abrasion. Some expert groups combined these as a single pressure - Surface & sub-surface abrasion - whilst others focussed on using surface abrasion alone, hence there is a slight difference in handling for some regions.
• The ordering of entries in columns 3, 4 and 5 is not in any particular priority. There isn’t a 1:1 relationship between the entries in columns 3 and 4.
• Where aquaculture is identified as a source of noise pressure, this is due to the potential presence of Acoustic Deterrent Devices (ADDs) in this retrospective (2014-2018) pressure assessment.
• Column 4, FAO gear type added for clarity to fishing types. The gear type annotated next to the FeAST Activity is the International Standard Statistical Classification of Fishing Gear (ISSCFG). This was originally adopted during the 10th Session of the Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics (CWP) (July 1980).
• Note the possibility of terrestrial influence for litter.

Fladen and Moray Firth Offshore

East Shetland Shelf

The tables in this section reflect the output of the workshop (October 2019) when the pressures from human activities were assessed for the period 2014 to 2018 for the region. The summary text below the tables elaborates on some of the points that were made at the workshop.
This pressure assessment uses the FeAST classification which includes two abrasion pressures: surface abrasion & sub-surface abrasion. Some expert groups combined these as a single pressure "surface & sub-surface abrasion" whilst others focussed on using surface abrasion alone, hence there is a slight difference in handling for some regions.
The ranking of the pressures in terms of impact is a relative exercise within each region, and is not a statement of their absolute impact. Detailed comparison between regions on the basis of these relative pressure assessments is therefore not advisable.

Main pressures identified

Priority [1] Pressure (FeAST classification) [2] Main healthy and biologically diverse components affected [3] Main contributing FeAST activity /activities to pressure [4] Associated productive assessments [5]
5 Hydrocarbon & PAH contamination. (Includes those priority substances listed in Annex II of Directive 2008/105/EC).
  • Aquaculture - Finfish
  • Sewage disposal
  • Shipping
  • Waste disposal - Dredging (capital, maintenance) & quarrying (geological material)

Footnotes:
• This pressure assessment uses the FeAST classification which includes two abrasion pressures: surface abrasion and sub-surface abrasion. Some expert groups combined these as a single pressure - Surface & sub-surface abrasion - whilst others focussed on using surface abrasion alone, hence there is a slight difference in handling for some regions.
• The ordering of entries in columns 3, 4 and 5 is not in any particular priority. There isn’t a 1:1 relationship between the entries in columns 3 and 4.
• Where aquaculture is identified as a source of noise pressure, this is due to the potential presence of Acoustic Deterrent Devices (ADDs) in this retrospective (2014-2018) pressure assessment.
• Column 4, FAO gear type added for clarity to fishing types. The gear type annotated next to the FeAST Activity is the International Standard Statistical Classification of Fishing Gear (ISSCFG). This was originally adopted during the 10th Session of the Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics (CWP) (July 1980).
• Note the possibility of terrestrial influence for litter.

East Shetland Shelf

North and West Shetland Shelf

The tables in this section reflect the output of the workshop (October 2019) when the pressures from human activities were assessed for the period 2014 to 2018 for the region. The summary text below the tables elaborates on some of the points that were made at the workshop.
This pressure assessment uses the FeAST classification which includes two abrasion pressures: surface abrasion & sub-surface abrasion. Some expert groups combined these as a single pressure "surface & sub-surface abrasion" whilst others focussed on using surface abrasion alone, hence there is a slight difference in handling for some regions.
The ranking of the pressures in terms of impact is a relative exercise within each region, and is not a statement of their absolute impact. Detailed comparison between regions on the basis of these relative pressure assessments is therefore not advisable.

Main pressures identified

Priority [1] Pressure (FeAST classification) [2] Main healthy and biologically diverse components affected [3] Main contributing FeAST activity /activities to pressure [4] Associated productive assessments [5]
5 Hydrocarbon & PAH contamination. (Includes those priority substances listed in Annex II of Directive 2008/105/EC).
  • Aquaculture - Finfish
  • Sewage disposal
  • Shipping
  • Waste disposal - Dredging (capital, maintenance) & quarrying (geological material)

Footnotes:
• This pressure assessment uses the FeAST classification which includes two abrasion pressures: surface abrasion and sub-surface abrasion. Some expert groups combined these as a single pressure - Surface & sub-surface abrasion - whilst others focussed on using surface abrasion alone, hence there is a slight difference in handling for some regions.
• The ordering of entries in columns 3, 4 and 5 is not in any particular priority. There isn’t a 1:1 relationship between the entries in columns 3 and 4.
• Where aquaculture is identified as a source of noise pressure, this is due to the potential presence of Acoustic Deterrent Devices (ADDs) in this retrospective (2014-2018) pressure assessment.
• Column 4, FAO gear type added for clarity to fishing types. The gear type annotated next to the FeAST Activity is the International Standard Statistical Classification of Fishing Gear (ISSCFG). This was originally adopted during the 10th Session of the Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics (CWP) (July 1980).
• Note the possibility of terrestrial influence for litter.

North and West Shetland Shelf

Bailey

The tables in this section reflect the output of the workshop (October 2019) when the pressures from human activities were assessed for the period 2014 to 2018 for the region. The summary text below the tables elaborates on some of the points that were made at the workshop.
This pressure assessment uses the FeAST classification which includes two abrasion pressures: surface abrasion & sub-surface abrasion. Some expert groups combined these as a single pressure "surface & sub-surface abrasion" whilst others focussed on using surface abrasion alone, hence there is a slight difference in handling for some regions.
The ranking of the pressures in terms of impact is a relative exercise within each region, and is not a statement of their absolute impact. Detailed comparison between regions on the basis of these relative pressure assessments is therefore not advisable.

Main pressures identified

Priority [1] Pressure (FeAST classification) [2] Main healthy and biologically diverse components affected [3] Main contributing FeAST activity /activities to pressure [4] Associated productive assessments [5]
5 Hydrocarbon & PAH contamination. (Includes those priority substances listed in Annex II of Directive 2008/105/EC).
  • Aquaculture - Finfish
  • Sewage disposal
  • Shipping
  • Waste disposal - Dredging (capital, maintenance) & quarrying (geological material)

Footnotes:
• This pressure assessment uses the FeAST classification which includes two abrasion pressures: surface abrasion and sub-surface abrasion. Some expert groups combined these as a single pressure - Surface & sub-surface abrasion - whilst others focussed on using surface abrasion alone, hence there is a slight difference in handling for some regions.
• The ordering of entries in columns 3, 4 and 5 is not in any particular priority. There isn’t a 1:1 relationship between the entries in columns 3 and 4.
• Where aquaculture is identified as a source of noise pressure, this is due to the potential presence of Acoustic Deterrent Devices (ADDs) in this retrospective (2014-2018) pressure assessment.
• Column 4, FAO gear type added for clarity to fishing types. The gear type annotated next to the FeAST Activity is the International Standard Statistical Classification of Fishing Gear (ISSCFG). This was originally adopted during the 10th Session of the Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics (CWP) (July 1980).
• Note the possibility of terrestrial influence for litter.

Bailey

Rockall

The tables in this section reflect the output of the workshop (October 2019) when the pressures from human activities were assessed for the period 2014 to 2018 for the region. The summary text below the tables elaborates on some of the points that were made at the workshop.
This pressure assessment uses the FeAST classification which includes two abrasion pressures: surface abrasion & sub-surface abrasion. Some expert groups combined these as a single pressure "surface & sub-surface abrasion" whilst others focussed on using surface abrasion alone, hence there is a slight difference in handling for some regions.
The ranking of the pressures in terms of impact is a relative exercise within each region, and is not a statement of their absolute impact. Detailed comparison between regions on the basis of these relative pressure assessments is therefore not advisable.

Main pressures identified

Priority [1] Pressure (FeAST classification) [2] Main healthy and biologically diverse components affected [3] Main contributing FeAST activity /activities to pressure [4] Associated productive assessments [5]
5 Hydrocarbon & PAH contamination. (Includes those priority substances listed in Annex II of Directive 2008/105/EC).
  • Aquaculture - Finfish
  • Sewage disposal
  • Shipping
  • Waste disposal - Dredging (capital, maintenance) & quarrying (geological material)

Footnotes:
• This pressure assessment uses the FeAST classification which includes two abrasion pressures: surface abrasion and sub-surface abrasion. Some expert groups combined these as a single pressure - Surface & sub-surface abrasion - whilst others focussed on using surface abrasion alone, hence there is a slight difference in handling for some regions.
• The ordering of entries in columns 3, 4 and 5 is not in any particular priority. There isn’t a 1:1 relationship between the entries in columns 3 and 4.
• Where aquaculture is identified as a source of noise pressure, this is due to the potential presence of Acoustic Deterrent Devices (ADDs) in this retrospective (2014-2018) pressure assessment.
• Column 4, FAO gear type added for clarity to fishing types. The gear type annotated next to the FeAST Activity is the International Standard Statistical Classification of Fishing Gear (ISSCFG). This was originally adopted during the 10th Session of the Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics (CWP) (July 1980).
• Note the possibility of terrestrial influence for litter.

Rockall

North Scotland Shelf

The tables in this section reflect the output of the workshop (October 2019) when the pressures from human activities were assessed for the period 2014 to 2018 for the region. The summary text below the tables elaborates on some of the points that were made at the workshop.
This pressure assessment uses the FeAST classification which includes two abrasion pressures: surface abrasion & sub-surface abrasion. Some expert groups combined these as a single pressure "surface & sub-surface abrasion" whilst others focussed on using surface abrasion alone, hence there is a slight difference in handling for some regions.
The ranking of the pressures in terms of impact is a relative exercise within each region, and is not a statement of their absolute impact. Detailed comparison between regions on the basis of these relative pressure assessments is therefore not advisable.

Main pressures identified

Priority [1] Pressure (FeAST classification) [2] Main healthy and biologically diverse components affected [3] Main contributing FeAST activity /activities to pressure [4] Associated productive assessments [5]
5 Hydrocarbon & PAH contamination. (Includes those priority substances listed in Annex II of Directive 2008/105/EC).
  • Aquaculture - Finfish
  • Sewage disposal
  • Shipping
  • Waste disposal - Dredging (capital, maintenance) & quarrying (geological material)

Footnotes:
• This pressure assessment uses the FeAST classification which includes two abrasion pressures: surface abrasion and sub-surface abrasion. Some expert groups combined these as a single pressure - Surface & sub-surface abrasion - whilst others focussed on using surface abrasion alone, hence there is a slight difference in handling for some regions.
• The ordering of entries in columns 3, 4 and 5 is not in any particular priority. There isn’t a 1:1 relationship between the entries in columns 3 and 4.
• Where aquaculture is identified as a source of noise pressure, this is due to the potential presence of Acoustic Deterrent Devices (ADDs) in this retrospective (2014-2018) pressure assessment.
• Column 4, FAO gear type added for clarity to fishing types. The gear type annotated next to the FeAST Activity is the International Standard Statistical Classification of Fishing Gear (ISSCFG). This was originally adopted during the 10th Session of the Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics (CWP) (July 1980).
• Note the possibility of terrestrial influence for litter.

North Scotland Shelf

Outer Hebrides

The tables in this section reflect the output of the workshop (October 2019) when the pressures from human activities were assessed for the period 2014 to 2018 for the region. The summary text below the tables elaborates on some of the points that were made at the workshop.
This pressure assessment uses the FeAST classification which includes two abrasion pressures: surface abrasion & sub-surface abrasion. Some expert groups combined these as a single pressure "surface & sub-surface abrasion" whilst others focussed on using surface abrasion alone, hence there is a slight difference in handling for some regions.
The ranking of the pressures in terms of impact is a relative exercise within each region, and is not a statement of their absolute impact. Detailed comparison between regions on the basis of these relative pressure assessments is therefore not advisable.

Main pressures identified

Priority [1] Pressure (FeAST classification) [2] Main healthy and biologically diverse components affected [3] Main contributing FeAST activity /activities to pressure [4] Associated productive assessments [5]
5 Hydrocarbon & PAH contamination. (Includes those priority substances listed in Annex II of Directive 2008/105/EC).
  • Aquaculture - Finfish
  • Sewage disposal
  • Shipping
  • Waste disposal - Dredging (capital, maintenance) & quarrying (geological material)

Footnotes:
• This pressure assessment uses the FeAST classification which includes two abrasion pressures: surface abrasion and sub-surface abrasion. Some expert groups combined these as a single pressure - Surface & sub-surface abrasion - whilst others focussed on using surface abrasion alone, hence there is a slight difference in handling for some regions.
• The ordering of entries in columns 3, 4 and 5 is not in any particular priority. There isn’t a 1:1 relationship between the entries in columns 3 and 4.
• Where aquaculture is identified as a source of noise pressure, this is due to the potential presence of Acoustic Deterrent Devices (ADDs) in this retrospective (2014-2018) pressure assessment.
• Column 4, FAO gear type added for clarity to fishing types. The gear type annotated next to the FeAST Activity is the International Standard Statistical Classification of Fishing Gear (ISSCFG). This was originally adopted during the 10th Session of the Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics (CWP) (July 1980).
• Note the possibility of terrestrial influence for litter.

Outer Hebrides

West Highlands

The tables in this section reflect the output of the workshop (October 2019) when the pressures from human activities were assessed for the period 2014 to 2018 for the region. The summary text below the tables elaborates on some of the points that were made at the workshop.
This pressure assessment uses the FeAST classification which includes two abrasion pressures: surface abrasion & sub-surface abrasion. Some expert groups combined these as a single pressure "surface & sub-surface abrasion" whilst others focussed on using surface abrasion alone, hence there is a slight difference in handling for some regions.
The ranking of the pressures in terms of impact is a relative exercise within each region, and is not a statement of their absolute impact. Detailed comparison between regions on the basis of these relative pressure assessments is therefore not advisable.

Main pressures identified

Priority [1] Pressure (FeAST classification) [2] Main healthy and biologically diverse components affected [3] Main contributing FeAST activity /activities to pressure [4] Associated productive assessments [5]
5 Hydrocarbon & PAH contamination. (Includes those priority substances listed in Annex II of Directive 2008/105/EC).
  • Aquaculture - Finfish
  • Sewage disposal
  • Shipping
  • Waste disposal - Dredging (capital, maintenance) & quarrying (geological material)

Footnotes:
• This pressure assessment uses the FeAST classification which includes two abrasion pressures: surface abrasion and sub-surface abrasion. Some expert groups combined these as a single pressure - Surface & sub-surface abrasion - whilst others focussed on using surface abrasion alone, hence there is a slight difference in handling for some regions.
• The ordering of entries in columns 3, 4 and 5 is not in any particular priority. There isn’t a 1:1 relationship between the entries in columns 3 and 4.
• Where aquaculture is identified as a source of noise pressure, this is due to the potential presence of Acoustic Deterrent Devices (ADDs) in this retrospective (2014-2018) pressure assessment.
• Column 4, FAO gear type added for clarity to fishing types. The gear type annotated next to the FeAST Activity is the International Standard Statistical Classification of Fishing Gear (ISSCFG). This was originally adopted during the 10th Session of the Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics (CWP) (July 1980).
• Note the possibility of terrestrial influence for litter.

West Highlands

Argyll

The tables in this section reflect the output of the workshop (October 2019) when the pressures from human activities were assessed for the period 2014 to 2018 for the region. The summary text below the tables elaborates on some of the points that were made at the workshop.
This pressure assessment uses the FeAST classification which includes two abrasion pressures: surface abrasion & sub-surface abrasion. Some expert groups combined these as a single pressure "surface & sub-surface abrasion" whilst others focussed on using surface abrasion alone, hence there is a slight difference in handling for some regions.
The ranking of the pressures in terms of impact is a relative exercise within each region, and is not a statement of their absolute impact. Detailed comparison between regions on the basis of these relative pressure assessments is therefore not advisable.

Main pressures identified

Priority [1] Pressure (FeAST classification) [2] Main healthy and biologically diverse components affected [3] Main contributing FeAST activity /activities to pressure [4] Associated productive assessments [5]
5 Hydrocarbon & PAH contamination. (Includes those priority substances listed in Annex II of Directive 2008/105/EC).
  • Aquaculture - Finfish
  • Sewage disposal
  • Shipping
  • Waste disposal - Dredging (capital, maintenance) & quarrying (geological material)

Footnotes:
• This pressure assessment uses the FeAST classification which includes two abrasion pressures: surface abrasion and sub-surface abrasion. Some expert groups combined these as a single pressure - Surface & sub-surface abrasion - whilst others focussed on using surface abrasion alone, hence there is a slight difference in handling for some regions.
• The ordering of entries in columns 3, 4 and 5 is not in any particular priority. There isn’t a 1:1 relationship between the entries in columns 3 and 4.
• Where aquaculture is identified as a source of noise pressure, this is due to the potential presence of Acoustic Deterrent Devices (ADDs) in this retrospective (2014-2018) pressure assessment.
• Column 4, FAO gear type added for clarity to fishing types. The gear type annotated next to the FeAST Activity is the International Standard Statistical Classification of Fishing Gear (ISSCFG). This was originally adopted during the 10th Session of the Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics (CWP) (July 1980).
• Note the possibility of terrestrial influence for litter.

Argyll